En

An oncolytic virus is a virus that preferentially infects and kills cancer cells. As the infected cancer cells are destroyed by oncolysis, they release new infectious virus particles or virions to help destroy the remaining tumour.
Oncolytic viruses are thought not only to cause direct destruction of the tumour cells, but also to stimulate host anti-tumour immune system responses. Oncolytic viruses also have the ability to affect the tumor micro-environment in multiple ways.
The potential of viruses as anti-cancer agents was first realised in the early twentieth century, although coordinated research efforts did not begin until the 1960s. A number of viruses including adenovirus, reovirus, measles, herpes simplex, Newcastle disease virus, and vaccinia have been clinically tested as oncolytic agents. Most current oncolytic viruses are engineered for tumour selectivity, although there are naturally occurring examples such as reovirus and the senecavirus,[9] resulting in clinical trials.
the approval was withdrawn in 2019. An oncolytic adenovirus, a genetically modified adenovirus named H101, was approved in China in 2005 for the treatment of head and neck cancer. In 2015, talimogene laherparepvec (OncoVex, T-VEC), an oncolytic herpes virus which is a modified herpes simplex virus, became the first oncolytic virus to be approved for use in the United States and the European Union, for the treatment of advanced inoperable melanoma.]

History

A connection between cancer regression and viruses has long been theorised, and case reports of regression noted in cervical cancer, Burkitt lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma, after immunisation or infection with an unrelated virus appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. Efforts to treat cancer through immunisation or virotherapy (deliberate infection with a virus), began in the mid-20th century. As the technology to create a custom virus did not exist, all early efforts focused on finding natural oncolytic viruses. During the 1960s, promising research involved using poliovirus, adenovirus, Coxsackie virus, ECHO enterovirus RIGVIR, and others. The early complications were occasional cases of uncontrolled infection (resulting in significant morbidity and mortality); an immune response would also frequently develop. While not directly harmful to the patient, the response destroyed the virus thus preventing it from destroying the cancer. Early efforts also found that only certain cancers could be treated through virotherapy. Even when a response was seen, these responses were neither complete nor durable. The field of virotherapy was nearly abandoned for a time, as the technology required to modify viruses didn’t exist whereas chemotherapy and radiotherapy technology enjoyed early success. However, now that these technologies have been thoroughly developed and cancer remains a major cause of mortality, there is still a need for novel cancer therapies, garnering this once-sidelined therapy renewed interest. In one case report published in 2024, a scientist Beata Halassy treated her own stage 3 breast cancer using an Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccine strain (MeV) and then a vesicular stomatitis virus Indiana strain (VSV), both prepared in her own laboratory, in combination with trastuzumab. While the treatment was successful and self-experimentation has a long history in science, the decision to publish the case report attracted controversy due to the unapproved nature of the viral agents and treatment protocol used.

​

0
Clinical trial of an anti-cancer viral vaccine in Iran
پلور
تخمدان
حفره شکمی
سینه
کودکان
گلیوبلاستوما
مثانه
مغز
First Oncolytic Virus Therapy for Brain Cancer Performed in Iran

Iranian researchers have completed the country’s first clinical trial of an oncolytic virus therapy for patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor in adults, at Imam Hossein Hospital in Tehran.

The experimental treatment was evaluated in a Phase I clinical trial involving nine patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Patients with GBM typically survive for only about 12 months after diagnosis despite undergoing surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.The treatment uses an engineered oncolytic virus designed to selectively target and destroy cancer cells. Oncolytic virotherapy is considered one of the most promising emerging approaches for treating aggressive cancers and has been the subject of research and clinical use in countries including the United States and Japan.

The therapy developed by Iranian researchers is based on the measles vaccine virus. Scientists modified the virus by removing its disease-causing properties and engineering its genome to recognize and bind specifically to malignant tumor cells. Once inside the cancer cell, the virus replicates and destroys the tumor from within.Researchers said the therapy is also designed to stimulate the patient’s immune system. As tumor cells are destroyed, their contents are exposed to immune cells, helping the immune system recognize the cancer and mount an immune response against remaining tumor tissue.

 

Contact Us

88170179 009821

 990890956 0098

INFO@VAXOGEN.IR