Background:

– Many cancers produce two particular proteins. The immune system can target these to attack the cancer. The PANVAC vaccine puts genes for these proteins inside a virus vaccine so the body sees the proteins as foreign invaders and attacks them. Researchers will test PANVAC on people with high grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. They will give it to people who have not responded to the usual treatment, bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) over several weeks. They want to see if PANVAC plus BCG is better than BCG alone.

Objective:

– To compare the effects of PANVAC plus BCG therapy, to BCG therapy alone.

Eligibility:

– Adults 18 and older with high grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer who failed at least 1 course of BCG.

Design:

• Participants will be screened with blood and urine tests and abdominal scans.
• Participants will be randomly assigned to get BCG only or BCG plus PANVAC.
• They will have up to 10 visits over 15 weeks. Most of these are part of usual cancer care.
• They will have blood and urine tests.
• All participants will get BCG in 6 weekly injections.
• One group will also get PANVAC in 5 injections over 15 weeks.
• Between weeks 17 and 20, participants will undergo tests of the tumor area as part of their usual care. They will have cystoscopy, exam under anesthesia, and bladder biopsy. Results will be used to evaluate the different treatments.
• Participants will have quarterly follow-up visits for up to 2 years.

This Ⅱ study evaluates the safety and efficacy of intratumoral injection of OH2 in locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer.

OH2 is an oncolytic virus developed upon genetic modifications of the herpes simplex virus type 2 strain HG52, allowing the virus to selectively replicate in tumors. Meanwhile, the delivery of the gene encoding human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) may induce a more potent antitumor immune response.

This is a phase Ⅱ study evaluating the efficacy and safety of OH2 in locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer.

BH-OH2-017 is a single-arm,multicenter clinical trial. The OH2 injection will be delivered once two weeks. In the maintenance treatment period, OH2(1x10e7 CCID50/mL) will be delivered once a month.

Adverse events (AEs) are graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) (version 5.0).

Radiographic imaging studies are performed using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Measurement of cutaneous or subcutaneous lesions are conducted with calipers. Evaluation of response are performed by the investigators using both the RECIST version 1.1 and the iRECIST criteria.

Reovirus Serotype 3 – Dearing Strain (REOLYSIN®) is a naturally occurring, ubiquitous, non-enveloped human reovirus. Reovirus has been shown to replicate selectively in Ras-transformed cells causing cell lysis. Activating mutations in Ras or mutations in oncogenes signaling through the Ras pathway may occur in as many as 80% of human tumors. The specificity of the reovirus for Ras-transformed cells, coupled with its relatively nonpathogenic nature in humans, makes it an attractive anti-cancer therapy candidate.

This is an open-label study of intratumoral REOLYSIN® in combination with standard of care neoadjuvant cisplatin/gemcitabine in patients with histologically and clinically confirmed muscle-invasive bladder cancer (T2-4) with or without pelvic lymph node involvement (N1-2) in Stage III and IV with no distant metastases (M0) and no prior systemic therapy for bladder cancer.

Treatment with intratumoral REOLYSIN® and chemotherapy is planned for 3 cycles followed by radical cystectomy or until unacceptable toxicity or another discontinuation criterion is met.

Two sequential treatment cohorts will be enrolled.

Patients in Cohort 1 will receive intratumoral REOLYSIN® on Cycle 1 Day 1, then 7-14 days later patients will receive intratumoral REOLYSIN® on Cycle 2 Day 1 plus intravenous neoadjuvant chemotherapy for 2 cycles (every 3 weeks) starting from Cycle 2 Day 2 followed by radical cystectomy. Three patients will be enrolled in this cohort. If there is a Dose Limiting Toxicity the cohort will be expanded to an additional 3 patients.

Upon completion of Cohort 1, Cohort 2 will be open to enrollment of 3 patients to receive 3 cycles of standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy on Day 1 and Day 8 of each cycle and intratumoral REOLYSIN® on Day 2 of each cycle (every 3 weeks). If there is a Dose Limiting Toxicity the cohort will be expanded to an additional 3 patients.

An Expansion Cohort will follow with up to 12 patients to be enrolled following either Cohort 1 or Cohort 2 treatment regimen based on the results of Cohort 1 and Cohort 2.